I was able to find the answer, finally.
To the question of whether or not NPS threads are common on air tools, the answer is they're not. They're sothey appear to be uncommon, in fact on everything but paint sprayers. However, that the only NPS fitting I've been able to find after a couple of hours of intermittent searching I've only found a single NPS fitting, made by the manufacturer of the paint gunDeVilbiss.
DeVilbiss makes a line of proprietary "high-flow" fittings that don't appear to be compatible with normal air hose fittings, so they require buying both a plug and a socket. While the majority of these are NPT, they make a single model of NPS female threaded plugs specifically for their spray guns. Annoyingly, that means buying a dedicated hose for the paint gun too, since the rest of my (and I would assume almost everyone's) air system doesn't use proprietary DeVilbiss fittings.
One user on Amazon reports that he's used "a standard air fitting," presumably NPT, in place of one of these for years without a problem. As non-authoritative as that source is, it's the only information I've been able to find.