You may be able to... if the battery is at full charge.
Best not try it. A battery charger delivers a few amperes at most. A properly charged battery delivers enough to turn over a starter motor or to melt a steel bar put between the poles.
(Hint: do not drop steel tools on both the + and - poles. If you are curious google on it instead).
The result is akin to a bucket of water slowly being filled from an outlet. The water bucket can deliver a lot of water in a short period. The outlet slowly fill it. If you try to drain a lot (water|amps) from the outlet then it will either blow a protective fuse or it will burn out.
Note that there is a distinction betweeen jump starters and regular chargers. I assume that with charger you either meant a regular charger or a trickle charger and not a jump starter.